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Guidelines to Accepting and Expelling a Student

While a community has an obligation to set up a school where all Jewish children and adults can receive an education, the halachah is that one should not teach a talmid she’eino hagun (an unworthy student). On the other hand, we are told, “Hama’or shebah machziro l’mutav” (the light in the Torah has the power to bring a person back to the right path). The basic guidelines are as follows: 1) It is only when we know for a fact (kim lan) that the student is a talmid she’eino hagun that we may reject them; we have to assume that any talmid is worthy unless we know otherwise. Furthermore, where it is not immediately apparent that the potential student is a talmid she’eino hagun, it is unacceptable to have someone investigate this matter. This is derived from the incident in the Gemara where it was deemed inappropriate to have a shomer (guard) investigate whether the students were tocho k’baro (the same internally as outwardly). 2) Some poskim maintain that a child under Bar/Bas Mitzvah is never considered a talmid she’eino hagun, and therefore a teacher, or a school, must usually accept all students under that age regardless of their reputation. 3) The Alter Rebbe ruled that the halachah of not teaching a talmid she’eino hagun applies only if we are convinced that not accepting the student will cause them to improve, and once they improve we will be able to accept them. In all other cases, the teacher should go l’beis hasafek (give the student the benefit of the doubt) and accept them based on the premise that attending the yeshivah will help them mend their ways. 4) Sadly, there are some situations where a student will unquestionably be a negative influence on the others, and the serious harm that would undoubtedly result outweighs the potential benefit to that student. 

Expelling a child from yeshivah is a much more serious issue, and allows even less room for leniency than not accepting them in the first place. Nevertheless, since toeles harabim (benefitting many) outweighs toeles hayachid (benefitting one), if we know with certainty that this student will have a negative influence on the other students—then, but only then, the student should be expelled. However, since the impact of expelling a student is so severe, and the decision so crucial, it should not be based on daas yachid (the opinion of one individual)—but rather many people should be involved in the decision process. It’s uncommon that a school should be unable to “get a hold of the situation” and prevent a student from negatively influencing the others; therefore, every avenue must be explored, and all options must be exhausted before expelling a student from yeshivah, which should be done only as a last resort and according to the consensus of many. #337