254. Removing a Door with a Mezuzah
According to the Rambam a mezuzah is needed only on a doorway that has a door. The majority of poskim disagree and rule that a doorway with no door also requires a mezuzah; the halachah is in accordance with the widely held opinion. However, in order to also abide by the opinion of the Rambam, when affixing a mezuzah to a doorway that has no door, we affix one to a doorway with a door at the same time, and when making the brachah on the one with the door, we have in mind the doorless one as well. Additionally, it is important that the door should be in place before affixing the mezuzah. If a person removed a door, one could argue that—according to the Rambam—this doorway has now become exempt from the mitzvah of mezuzah, and when the door is put back the mezuzah should be removed and then reaffixed. This is based on the principle of taase v'lo min he'asui, that mitzvos should be actively performed by us, and not left to happen on their own. Although this might sound like a legitimate argument, the consensus among poskim is that the mezuzah does not have to be removed; it can be left there, and remains kosher when the door is put back.
ืืขื ืื ืชืืืืดื ืืืืจืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืื - ืื ื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืงืืืืดื ืืื ืืืจืืืดื ืืืื ืคืชื ืฉืืืดื ืืืช. ืืืฉืืดืข ืกืจืคืดื ืกืืดื ื ืงื ืื ืืคืฉืืืืช (ืืืขืช ืืจืืืดื - ืืฉื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืคืืืจ). ืืืฉืืข ืืืืื ื ืคืงืืชื ืืื ืืืืชื ืื ืืขื ืื ืืจืื. ืืืชืืจื ืืื, ืืืดื ืขื ืืืณ ืงืื ืืช ืกืงืืดื ืืืฃ ืฉืืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืงืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืื - ืืดื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืืจืืืชื. ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืจื ืืืจ (ืืืืจืืฉ, ืขืื ืืืืขื, ืืืื ื, ื - ืื, ื ืืืคื ืืกืคืจ) ืื ืงืืื ื ืืงืืืข ืืืจืื. ืืืืืืณ ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืคื ืืืืฆืื - ืืืืจืืืดื ืืขืืื ืืืืฅ ืืืืช ืคืืืจ ืืืืืื - ืจืื ืฉืืดืช ืืื ืดื ืืืดื ืกืฉืคืดื ืกืงืดื (ืืื ืจืื ืืฉืืดืช ืฉืืืดื ืืดื ืกืงื ืดื). ืืืืืกืืฃ ืฉืืืดื ืืฆืื ื ืฉืืฉืืืืืืงืช ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืืจืื, ืืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืฉืื ืกืคืง, ื ืชืืืื ืื ืืืจืื (ืจืื ืฉืืดืช ืืจืืืดื ืืดื ืกืจืืดื. ืืืื ืฉืื ืืดื ืกืืดื. ืืจืฅ ืฆืื ืกืดื, ืืืดืจ ืืฉืืดืข ืืืืดื ืกืงืกืดื ืกืืดื. ืืจืื ืืื ืกืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืืดื ืืดื ืืืดื ืกืืดืืกืงืดื. ืืืงืื ืืืกืฃ ืืืื ืกืคืง ืืจืืืช ืกืดื. ืืขืืืดืฉ ืืฉืืืดื ืืฉืืดืข ืืืืดื ืฉืืฆืืื ืืดืืดืฉ ืืกืืณ ืชืจืื ืจืืืืช ืืืืด. ืืขืคืดื ืืดืฉ ืืฉืดื ืืืืดื ืืืืดื ืกืชืคืดื ืฉืืฉ ืืกืืื ืขื ืฉืืขืืจ ืงืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืจ, ืืฃ ืฉืกืืดื (ืจืื ืืืฉื ืดื ืฉื. ืืขืืณ ืืื ืฉืืชืื ื ืืืดื ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืช ืจืื), ืืืืื ื ืื ืดื (ืจืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืกืืจ ืืฉืื ืื ืืฉื)). ืืืืดื ืืื.
ืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืคืชื ืืืจ ืฉืืดื ืืืช, ืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉื ืืื. ืืื ืฉืืฉืดื ืกืจืคืดื ืกืงืืดื ืืชื ืืงืืืข ืืื ืืจืื, ืืืคืืดื ืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืจื ืืืจืื ืืืืื. ืืืื ืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืื. (ืืืื ืืกืณ ืืืืืืช ืืืชื ืกืจืคืดื ืืฉืขืืดืฆ ืกืดืง ืงืืดื ืชืื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืื ืงืืืืดื ืืืจืืืดื). ืืืืืจื ืืฉืดื ื ืจืื ืฉืืฉืฉ ืื ืืขื ืื ืชืืืืดื ืืืื ืงืืืขืช ืืืืช ืืคืขื ืืจืืฉืื ื.
ืืืื ืืืคื, ืืขื ืื ื ื ืืืื ืืคืชืดืฉ ืกืงืืดื ืืกืงืืดื ืืฉืืดืช ืืจืืขื ืืืจื ืืื (ืื ืืืข ืืืืจ ืฉืงืืขื ืฉื ืกืืื) ืืืกืืืืจ ืืืดื (ืืขื ืื ื ื) ืฉืืืดื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื. ืืืดื ืืืงืช ืืืจืื ืื - ืกืืืืจ ืืขืืดืฅ ืืืณ ืืืืื ืกืืดื. ืืขืดืง ืกืงืืดื, ืืืงืดื ืฉื ืกืงืืดื. ืฉืืดืช ืืืจืดื ืฉืืง ืืืดื ืกืฉืดื. ืฉืืดืช ืฉืืดื ืืืืืดื ืืดื ืกืงืกืดื. ืืจืืช ืืืืช ืฉื ืดื ืกืืดื. ืืขืื. ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืจืืดื ืืืืฉืืช ืกืดื (ืืฉื ืชืขืื ืื ืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช). ืืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืจืดื ืืื ืฅ ืกืืดื. ืืืดื ืื ืืืืืืดื ืืืืื ืคืดื ืกืงืดื. ืืืดื ืฉื ืงื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืจื"ื ืคืืืืื ืกืดื ืืกืืคื. ืืืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืกืดืง ืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืคืืกืงืื ืืืงื ืืืืจืืข ืืืื ืืืขืฉื ืืืงื. ืืืฉืืดืช ืืฆืืดื ืืดื ืกืงืดื ืฉืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืงื. ืืืืืืืช ืจืขืงืดื ืกืจืคืดื ืกืดื ืืณ ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉืงืืฃ, ืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืฉ ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื ืขืคืดื ืืืืดื ืืืืณ ืฆืืฆืืช ืกืืดื ืกืงืดื. ืืืฉืดื ืื ืืืดื. ืืืชืืจื ืืื, ืืฉืืืืืจ ืืืชื ืืืช ืืืดื ืฉืืืืดืข ืืืดื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื - ืจืื ืฉืืดืช ืชืฉืืืดื ืืดื ืกืชืงืืดื.
ืืื ืืฉืดื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืขืืงืจ ืงืืืขืช ืืืืช ืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืขื ืืืจื ืื ืืช ืืืืืื. (ืืืืืดื, ืืจื ืืณ ืื ืืจืืืดื ืขืฆืื ืืฉืืดืช ืกืฉืืดื ืืคืืณ ืืณ ืืืืณ ืื ืืืช ืื, ื ืดืชืื ืืฉื ืืจืืฉืืด ืฉืฆืณ ืืงืืืข ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืขืฉืืืช ืืืืช). ืืืืขืืจ ืฉืืฉืดื ืืืคื ืืืื ืืื ืืืดื ืืืช ืื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืงื ื ืคืงืดื ืืืืดื. ืืื ืื ืืืืืดื ืืื ืื ืกืดื, ืืืงืืฆืืจ ืฉืืดืข ืื ืืืจ. ืืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืจืดื ืฉืฉืื - ืืืื ืืจืขืงืดื - ืฉืืืืืจ, ืืืืจื ืจืง ืืขืงืจ ืื ืฆืืืดืค.
ืืื ืดื - ืืืืดื ืื ืงืืืืดื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืื ืืืจืืืดื.
ืืืืืช, ืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืขืช ืืจืืืดื ืื ื ืคืงืข ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืขืช ืืืจืืช ืืืืช, ืืืื ืฉืืขืชื ืืืืืืจื. ืืืืดืฉ ืืงืจื ืืืจื ืื ืืืช ืื, ื ืฉืื ืืืขืชื ืืงืืืข ืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืขืืฉืื. ืืืดื ืืืขืืง ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืชื ืงืื ืกืงืืดื ืืืืืง ืื ืืืณ ืืจืืืดื, ืขืืืดืฉ. ืืืฃ ืื ืืืฉืดื ืืฉืดื - ืื ืืืดื ืฉืืืจ ืืืณ ืื ืืืช ืืืขืชื ืืืืืืจื, ืฉืื ื. ืืืดื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืื ืฆืืคืื ืืดื ืืืดื ืกืดื ืืืดืข, ืขืืืดืฉ ืกืืจืชื. ืืืดื ืืืืดื ืงืฆืช ืฉืื ื ืชืืื ืืืคืชื ืฉื ืฉืขืจ ืขืดื ืฉืืืจืืื ืืืืช. ืืขืืืดื ืืกืื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืขืช ืืจืืืดื ืืฉืฆืืจืช ืชืฉืืืฉื ืขื ืืืช ืืดืฆ ืฉืืืืช ืชืื ืืืืืจืช ืื. ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจ ืคืดื ืกืงืืดื ืฉื ืกืชืคืง ืืืขืช ืืจืืืดื ืืืืช ืฉืืคืจืงืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืืดื.
ืืื ื ืืฉืขืจืื ืืฆืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืดืจ ืืฆืดื ืกืืดื ืกืงืืดื ืืืื ืืืณ ืืฉืืดื ืื ืดื ืฉืืืดื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื ืืืื ืฉืชืืืืช ืขืฉืืืชื ืืืืฉืจ. ืืฆืืื ืืืณ ืืืืดื ืืืืณ ืฆืืฆืืช (ืกืืดื ืกืงืดื) ืืืืืณ ืกืืื (ืกืชืจืืดื ืกืงืดื). [ืืืดืค ืืืืดื ืืกืชืจืืดื ืกืืดื ืฉืืืืคื ืฉืชืืืืช ืขืฉืืืชื ืืืฉืจืืช ืืืช ืืืณ ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื. ืืจืื ืืงืื ืืืฉืดื ืืืืดื ืืืืณ ืฆืืฆืืช]. ืืื ืฉืืืืืดื ืืืื ืืฉืดื ืืฉืืดืช ืืืจืฉืดื ืืืดื ืกื ืดื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืคื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืขืงืจ ืื ืืืืช. [ืืืืขืืจ ืฉืืืืืืง ืื ืดื ืืณ ืืฉืืดืช ืืฉืืขืืช ืืืื ืืืณ ืืืืื ืคืดื ืืดื. ืืขืืดื ืืฉืืดืช ืืชืดืก ืืืดื ืกืงืืดื]. ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืืืืดืจ ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจื ืืืดื (ืืืณ ืืืืื ืกืดื) ืฉืืณ ืืกืชืื ืืคืกืื. ืืื ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืขืงืจ ืื ืืคืชื ืืื ืจืง ืืืืช, ืืขืืฉืดื.
ืืืื, ืืืจืื ืืงืืืฉ, ืืื ืฆืืืง ืืจืื, ืื ืื ืข ืืืืืืดืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืจืขื ืื ืืืข ืืืขืฉื. ืืกืื ืขื ืืืขืืื ืฉืืฉืจ ืชืืืื ื ืขืื ืื. ืืื ืดื, ืจืืืดืค ืืืจืืขื ืืืืื ืื ืืืงื.
ืืื ื, ืืืืช ืืืืืง ืืกืืจื ืื ืดื ืืื ืืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืกืคืจ, ืืื ื ืืฉืืดืข ืืืืดื ืืืืณ ืฆืืฆืืช ืกืืดื ืกืดื ืืณ ืืืืืืจ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉื ืงืจืข ืืืื ืืืง ืืืดื ืฉืืขืืจ, ืืดืืืื ืฉืืืจ ื ืคืกืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืื ืืื ื ืืชืืฉืจืช ืืืืื ืข"ื ืื ืฉืืชืคืืจ ืืชื' ืืืืงืื ืื ืื ืื, ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืขืืฉื ืืขืฉื ืืืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช [ื]ืืชืืจื ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืชืขืฉื ืืื ืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืจ ืืคืืกืืืด. ืืืืืืณ ืฆืดื ืืดืฉ ืฆืืฆืืช ืืกืืื. ืืขืืฆืดื ืืืืง, ืฉืืฆืืฆืืช ื ืคืกืื ืืฆืดืข ืืฉืืดื ืืกืืื ืื ื ืคืกื ืืกืื ืืฆืดืข ืืดื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืกืืื. ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืื, ืืืืืจ ืืืืดื ืกืืดื ืกืง"ื ืื ืืืข ืืืฉืดื ืืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืงืฉืืจ ืืฆืืฆืืืช ืืืดื ืืฉื ืื ืกืื ืืืืืดืง ืื ืืืขืืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื, ืดืืืดื, ืืืชื ืืื ืืคืกืื ืืืืฃ ืืกืืื ืจืง ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืื ืขื, ืืื ืืฉืืกืืจื ืืฉืจ, ืืื ืืื ืืคืกืื ืืืืคืืด, ืืขืืืดืฉ ืืืืืฉ.
ืืขืคืดื ืฆืดืข ืืืืจืืจ ืืืืจ ืืคืืืจ ืืฉืืื ืื ืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืช ืืืจ ืืืจ. ืืื ื ืืฉืืดืช ืืจืืืดื ืื ืดื ืืณ ืฉืืื ืื ืฉื ืฉืขืจ. (ืืืืขืืจ ืฉืืืจ ืืชืื ืืืดื ืฉืชืฉืืณ ืืจืืืดื ืื ืดื ืืืืืืคืืช). ืืื ืืืดื ืืืืืจ ืคืกืื ืืืื ืืืช ืืืืดื, ืืืืืงืื.
ืืื ื, ืืืืดื ืื ืื ืืืข ืืฆืืฆืืช ืื ื ืคืกืงื ืืืื ืืขื ืื ืื. ืืืืืดื ืืชืดืฉ ืืกืืดื ืฉืืืงืื ืฉืืืดืค ืืขื ืื ืืืจ ืืฉ ืืกืืื ืขื ืกืืจื ืืืืจืื ื, ืขืืืดืฉ ืืืงืืดื ืกืดื. ืืืดื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืื, ืืืฆืจืฃ ืฉืืณ ืืจืืืดื ืืืืืจื.
ืืื ื ืืืฉืืขืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืืณ ืดืืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืจ ืืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืชืืจ ืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืด. ืืืดื ื ืณ ืคืฉืื ืฉืืืดื ืคืกืื ืืืืคื. (ืืขืืืดืฉ ืฉืจืดื ืขืคืดื ืืดืื ืืืขืช ืจืืื ื ืืืืืง ืืช ืืืจื ืืืืืฆื ืืฃ ืฉืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืืฉืชืืจ ืืืืืฆื ืืืืฆืื ื ืืฆ"ืขืด, ืืืดื, ืืงืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืช ืืืืฆืื ื ืกืื ืืืฉืืืืณ ืืืช).
ืืื ื ืืืืืณ ืืงืื ืืกืชืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืคืืฉืดื ืืฆืคืขืดื (ืืืืืดืช ื, ืจืขืดื, ืืืื ืืืงืืดืฉ ืืืดื ืขืณ 446 ืืขืณ 27), ืืืื ืืืชืืช ืืื ืขืืื ืฉื ืืืช, ืืืดื ืืื ืืืจืื ืื, ืืืดื ื ืืื ืฉืืดื ืืื ืฉืกืชืจ ืืืชื ืืืืจื ืงืืืขืืช ืืืืืื (ืืืื ืืกืืจื ืื ืืณ ืืฉืืดืช ืืชืดืก ืื ืดื). ืืื ืคืฉืื ืฉืืืคืดื ืืคืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืืดื ืืืช, ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ, ืืืืืื ื ืจืง ืืืดืฉ ืืฆืคืขืดื ืืืืฉื ืืขื ืื ืดืฉืฆืืจืช ืืืืช ืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืืชืืชืด. ืืืดื ืกืื ืืืื ืืกืืจื ืฉืืดื ืืกืืชืจ ืืืชื. ืืืื ืืืคื, ืืฉืืดืช ืืจืืืดื ืืคืืจืฉืช ืืกืืจื ืืืืจ, ืฉืืกืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืขืจ. ืืืดื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืช, ืืืื ืฉืืืฃ ืืคืชื ืงืืื, ืืจืง ืืกืจ ืืชื ืื ืฆืืื ืฉืฆืดื ืฉื ืฉืขืจ, ืืงืืืขืืช ืืืืืื ืืคืชื ืขืืืื ืงืืืืช, ืืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื.
ืืื ืืฉื"ืช ืืขืช ืกืืคืจ ืื"ื ืกืืณ ืง ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืชืดืก ืืืชื ืฉืดืืืืช ืืืืืง ืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืกืืณ ืื [ืื ืงืจืข ืจืื ืืณ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืชืคืจื] ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืฉืืด. ืืขืืืดืฉ ืฉื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืจื ืืืชืดืก. ืืขืืืขืืดืฉ ืืกืืณ ืงื.
ืืืืืกืืฃ ืฉืืจื ืืืืดื ืขืฆืื ืืืืณ ืฆืืฆืืช ื ืงื ืืฉืืณ ืืืดื ืฉืื ืืชืืืืช ืขืฉืืืชื ืืืืฉืจ ืคืกืื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืดื (ืืืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืืชืดืก ืืื). ืืืขืดื ืฉืืืืื ืขืืืฃ ืืื ื. ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืคื ืื. ืืจืืืชื ืืื ืฉืืชื ืฉืืฆืืฆืืช ืืฉื ืงืจืข ื ืกืชืืง ืืืืืจ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืืฆืจืื ืฉืชืืืืช ืขืฉืืืชื ืืืืฉ ืชืื ืืืฉืจืืช, ืืื ืืืืืื ืขืืืื ืขืฉืืืชื ืงืืืืช, ืฉืืดืฆ ืืดื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืื ืงืืืขื ืืคืชื ืืืืืช, ืืืืืช ืืื ืจืง ืขื ืื ื ืืกืฃ - ืืืชื ืืคืชื ืฉื ืฉืขืจ, ืืื ืดื. ืืืืดื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืื ืืื ื ืชืืืืดื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืืืง ืืื ืื ืดื ืืขื ืื ื ื. ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืืืดื ืืกืณ ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืกื ืดื, ืืขืืดืฉ. ืืขืืืืดื ืืฉืืดืช ืฉืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืดื ืืืดื ืกืดื ืืืฉืืดืช ืืืื ื ืฆืืง ืืดื ืืืดื ืกืืดืืฉืืืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืคื ืืจืื.
ืืืืืดื, ืืงืจืืช ืกืคืจ ืืืืื ืคืดื ืืณ ืฉืชืืืืดื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ื ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืดืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืงืฉื ืืืื. ืืืดื ืคืฉืื ืฉืืกืคืืงื ืืฉ ืืืงื. [ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืขืืืดื ืืืณ ืืืืื ืกืดืง ืฉ ืืืืืฃ ืื ืืงืจื. (ืืืืดืข ืขืื ืืฉืืดืช ืืฆืดืฆ ืืืดื ืกืืดื ืกืงืดื). ืืื ื ืืืืืฉ ืขืฆืื ืืกืชืจืืดื ืืณ ืฉืคืกืื ืืืืคื ืืืื ื ืืืคืฆื ืฉื ืืฆืื ืขืฆืื. ืืืดื ืื ืืืดื, ืืฃ ืฉืืคืกืื ืืืืคื - ืืื ื ืืืืฃ ืืืฆืื, ืืืืืื].
ืืืขืืจื ื ืืดื, ืฉืืฉืืดืข ืืืืดื ืกืชืจืืดื ืกืดื ืืืืจ ืืกืื ืืคืกืื ืืชืืืืดื ืดืฉืืขืฉืืณ ืืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืืชื ืืคืกืื ืืื ื ื ืืฉืืช ืขืฉืืณ ืืืืด, ืืฉืืดื ืืืณ ืจืฉืดื (ืกืืื ืื, ื ืืดื ืืืชืื) ืดืืฉืืชื ืขืืฉื ืกืืื ืชืื ืจืืืืณ ืืกืืืืด ืืณ ืฉืฉืจืฉ ืืืื ืืชืืืืดื ืืื, ืฉืืฃ ืฉืืดื ืฉื ืขืฉืืณ ืฆืดื ืขืฉืืณ ืืจืืืืณ ืืกืืื. ืืขืคืดื ื ืคืงืดื ืืืืคื ืฉืืดื ืขืฉืืณ ืฉื ืคืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉืืืช ืคืกืื, ืืืืืืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืดื ืืืช ืืื ื ืคืกืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืขืืืื ืืืืืื, ืฉืืืืดื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืดื ืืืืืจืืืชื.
ืืืืื, ืืฉ ืืืืกืืฃ ืฉืืฉืืณ ืืชืืกืณ ืื ืืืช ืฉื (ืืขืื) ืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืืืืชืืืื ืืคืกืื ืชืืืืดื ืืืืืื.
ืืืกืืืื, ืืชื ืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืดื ืกืคืืงืืช ืืกืคืืงื ืกืคืืงืืช ืืื: ืฉืืขืืงืจ ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืื. ืืื ืืืจืืืดื ืืขืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืช ืืดื ืฉืืืื. ืืื ืืชืดื ืฉืคืืืจ, ืืฉืฆืืจืช ืชืฉืืืฉื ืขื ืืืช ืืดืฆ ืฉืืืืช ืชืื ืืืืืจืช ืื ืืขืช. ืืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืดื, ืืืกืืจ ืืืืช ืืืจื ืขืจืื, ืืงืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืจืืืดื ืืืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ืืดื ืืืืจืืืดื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืช ืืืืฆืื ื. ืืืฃ ืืชืดื ืืคืืืจ ืืืื ืดื - ืืืื ืืขืืช ืืื ืคืกืื ืชืืืืดื ืืืืืื. ืืื ืืืกืืืจืื ืืคืกืื ืชืืืืดื, ืืืื ืืขืืช ืืดื ืืืจืื ื, ืืืดื ืืฉ ืืกืืื ืขื ืขืืงืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืคืชื ืฉืืืดื ืืืช. ืืื ืื ื ืคืฉื ืืคืกืื, ืืจื ืืืขืช ืืืืดื ืื ืขืฉื ืืืฉืจืืช ืืื ืืคืกืื. ืืื ืืืืดื - ืืืืดื ืขืืืฃ ืืคื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืกืชืืงื ืขืฉืืณ ืืงืืืืช.
ืืืื ืฉืืืืณ, ืื ื ืื ืืืชืดืก ืฉื ืื ืงื ืืืืืืจ ืืขืื ืืงืืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืงื. ืืื ืืฉืืดื ืืขืจืืช ืืืณ ืกืงืืดื ืืฃ ืฉืืชื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืงื ืืืฉ ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืืื. ืืื ืืืื ืืงืืฆืืจ ืฉืืดืข ืขื ืคืกืงื ืืืืดืืกืืดื ืกืืดื ืืืืขืช ืืืืดื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืฉ ืชืืืืดื ืืื ื ืืืช ืืืื ืดื.